Are Physician-Assisted Suicide and Euthanasia Ethical? Essay -- Euthan

Is Euthanasia Ethical? Euthanasia is one of the most acute and uncomfortable contemporary problems in medical ethics. Is Euthanasia Ethical? The case for mercy killing rests on one main fundamental moral principle mercy. It is not a new issue euthanasia has been discussed-and practised-in both Eastern and Western cultures from the earliest historical times to the present. But because of medicines new technological capacities to extend life, the problem is much more pressing than it has in the past, and both the discussion and practice of euthanasia are more widespread. Euthanasia is a way of granting mercy-both by direct killing and by letting the person die. This principle of mercy establishes two component duties 1. the duty not to cause further put out or suffering and 2. the duty to act to end pain or suffering already occurring. Under the first of these, for a physician or other caregiver to extend mercy to a suffering tolerant may mean to refrain from proc edures that cause further suffering-provided, of course, that the intercession offers the patient no overriding benefits. The physician must refrain from ordering painful tests, therapies, or surgical procedures when they cannot alleviate suffering or contribute to a patients improvement or cure. Perhaps the most familiar contemporary medical example is the treatment of burn victims when survival is unprecedented if with the treatments or without them the chances of the patients survival is nil, mercy requires the physician not to impose the debridement treatments , which are excruciatingly painful, when they can provide the patie... ...rom inattention, malevence, fears of addiction, or diverging priorities in resources. In all of these cases, of course, the patient can be sedated into unconsciousness this does indeed end the pain. But in respect of the patients experience, this is tantamount to causing oddment the patient has no further conscious experience and thu s can achieve no goods, experience no significant communication, satisfy no goals. Furthermore, qualified sedation, by depressing respiratory function, may hasten death. Though it is always technically possible to achieve relief from pain, at least when the appropriate resources are available, the price may be functionally and practically equivalent, at least from the patients point of view, to death. And this, of course, is just what the issue of euthanasia is about.